Poyang'anizana ndi kuipitsidwa kwa chilengedwe komwe kukuchulukirachulukira, kukonza madzi otayira kwakhala gawo lofunika kwambiri pa ntchito zoteteza chilengedwe padziko lonse lapansi. Chifukwa cha kupita patsogolo kwaukadaulo, kukonza magetsi kwakhala njira yothandiza kwambiri, yowongoleredwa, komanso yosamalira chilengedwe yochizira madzi otayira m'mafakitale, zimbudzi zapakhomo, ndi zinthu zoipitsa zachilengedwe. Pakati pa njirayi pali magetsi amagetsi, omwe amagwira ntchito ngati "chipangizo chofunikira kwambiri" chomwe chimatsimikizira kuti mphamvu zimaperekedwa bwino komanso molondola. Nkhaniyi ikufotokoza mfundo zogwirira ntchito, zabwino, zochitika zogwiritsira ntchito, ndi malingaliro a kapangidwe ka magetsi amagetsi pochiza madzi otayira.
1. Chifukwa Chake Kukonza Madzi Otayira Kumafuna Mphamvu Zamagetsi
Njira zoyeretsera madzi otayira nthawi zambiri zimagawidwa m'magulu awiri: zinthu zakuthupi, zamankhwala, ndi zamoyo. Electrolysis ndi gawo la gulu la zamagetsi ndipo imagwira ntchito pogwiritsa ntchito mphamvu yamagetsi kuti ipangitse kuti zinthu ziwonongeke, kuchepetsa, kugwetsa mvula, kapena kuwonongeka kwa zinthu zomwe zimawononga chilengedwe.
Kuti izi zitheke, njirayi imafuna kuwongolera kokhazikika komanso kolondola kwa mphamvu yamagetsi ndi magetsi - apa ndi pomwe magetsi amagetsi amalowa. Amapereka mphamvu zamagetsi zenizeni komanso mikhalidwe yowongolera yofunikira kuti adziwe kuchuluka kwa zomwe zimachitika, magwiridwe antchito, komanso mtundu wonse wa chithandizo.
2. Mfundo Yogwirira Ntchito ya Magetsi a Electrolytic mu Kukonza Madzi Otayira
Kuchiza madzi otayidwa pogwiritsa ntchito electrolytic kumadalira kwambiri anodic oxidation, cathodic reduction, ndi electrocoagulation kuti achotse kapena kusintha zinthu zovulaza m'madzi.
(1) Kuyankha kwa Anodic:
Pa anode, ma elekitironi amatulutsidwa ndipo ma oxidizing agents amphamvu (monga hydroxyl radicals ·OH ndi oxygen O₂) amapangidwa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zinthu zoipitsa zamoyo ziwonongeke komanso kuwononga zinthu zachilengedwe.
(2) Kachitidwe ka Cathodic:
Pa cathode, ma elekitironi amatengedwa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ayoni achitsulo achepe komanso agwe, motero amachotsa zitsulo zolemera m'madzi otayira.
(3) Mphamvu ya Electrocoagulation:
Pa nthawi ya electrolysis, ma ayoni achitsulo monga Fe²⁺ ndi Al³⁺ amatulutsidwa ndikusungunuka m'madzi kuti apange ma flocculant. Ma flocculant awa amayamwa ndikukhazikitsa zoipitsa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale kulekanitsidwa bwino komanso kuyeretsa.
3. Mapeto
Mphamvu zamagetsi zamagetsi zimagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri m'makina amakono oyeretsera madzi akuda. Mwa kuonetsetsa kuti madzi akumwa akuyenda bwino, kuwongolera molondola, komanso kugwiritsa ntchito bwino mphamvu, zimathandiza kuti njira zamagetsi zichepetse kuipitsa mpweya, kuchotsa zitsulo zolemera, ndikuwonjezera kugwiritsa ntchito bwino kwa mankhwala. Pamene mafakitale akugwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo wobiriwira komanso wokhazikika, magetsi zamagetsi zamagetsi akuyembekezeka kugwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'magawo apamwamba oyeretsera madzi akuda komanso kubwezeretsa chilengedwe.
Nthawi yotumizira: Okutobala-22-2025
