The electrolytichaidrojenikupanga unit zikuphatikizapo yathunthu ya madzi electrolysishaidrojenizida zopangira, ndi zida zazikulu kuphatikiza:
1. Electrolytic cell
2. Gasi madzi kulekana chipangizo
3. Kuyanika ndi kuyeretsa dongosolo
4. Gawo lamagetsi limaphatikizapo: thiransifoma, nduna yokonzanso, kabati yowongolera ya PLC, kabati ya zida, kabati yogawa, makompyuta apamwamba, ndi zina zambiri.
5. Dongosolo lothandizira makamaka limaphatikizapo: thanki ya alkali solution, thanki yamadzi yopangira madzi, pampu yamadzi yodzipangira, silinda ya nayitrogeni / busbar, ndi zina / 6. Njira yonse yothandizira zida imaphatikizapo: makina amadzi oyera, chiller tower, chiller, air compressor, etc
zoziziritsa kukhosi za haidrojeni ndi okosijeni, ndipo madziwo amatengedwa ndi msampha wa drip asanatumizidwe pansi pa ulamuliro wa dongosolo lowongolera; Electrolyte imadutsahaidrojenindi zosefera za okosijeni zamchere, zoziziritsira za haidrojeni ndi okosijeni zamchere motsatana pansi pa machitidwe a mpope wozungulira, kenako amabwerera ku cell electrolytic kuti apititsenso electrolysis.
Kupanikizika kwa dongosololi kumayendetsedwa ndi kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe ka kayendetsedwe kake
The haidrojeni opangidwa ndi electrolysis madzi ali ndi ubwino mkulu chiyero ndi otsika zosafunika. Kawirikawiri, zonyansa mu mpweya wa hydrogen opangidwa ndi electrolysis madzi ndi mpweya ndi madzi okha, popanda zigawo zina (zomwe zingapewe poizoni wa catalysts ena). Izi zimapereka mwayi wopangira mpweya wa hydrogen woyeretsedwa kwambiri, ndipo mpweya woyeretsedwa ukhoza kukwaniritsa miyezo ya mpweya wamagetsi wamagetsi.
Hydrojeni yomwe imapangidwa ndi gawo lopanga haidrojeni imadutsa mu thanki yotchinga kuti ikhazikitse mphamvu yogwira ntchito ya dongosolo ndikuchotsanso madzi aulere mu hydrogen.
Pambuyo polowa mu chipangizo choyeretsera hydrogen, hydrogen yopangidwa ndi electrolysis yamadzi imayeretsedwanso, pogwiritsa ntchito mfundo za catalytic reaction ndi molecular sieve adsorption kuchotsa mpweya, madzi, ndi zonyansa zina kuchokera ku haidrojeni.
Zidazi zimatha kukhazikitsa makina osintha a haidrojeni okhazikika malinga ndi momwe zilili. Kusintha kwa kuchuluka kwa gasi kumayambitsa kusinthasintha kwamphamvu ya thanki yosungiramo haidrojeni. Pressure transmitter yomwe imayikidwa pa tanki yosungiramo idzatulutsa chizindikiro cha 4-20mA ku PLC poyerekeza ndi mtengo wokhazikitsidwa woyambirira, ndipo pambuyo pakusintha kosiyana ndi kuwerengera kwa PID, kutulutsa siginecha ya 20-4mA ku nduna yokonzanso kuti isinthe kukula kwake. electrolysis panopa, potero kukwaniritsa cholinga cha kusintha basi wa haidrojeni kupanga malinga ndi kusintha katundu wa haidrojeni.
Zomwe zimachitika popanga haidrojeni ndi electrolysis yamadzi ndi madzi (H2O), omwe amafunikira kuperekedwa mosalekeza ndi madzi aiwisi kudzera pampopu yobwezeretsanso madzi. Malo obwezeretsanso amakhala pa cholekanitsa cha hydrogen kapena oxygen. Kuphatikiza apo, haidrojeni ndi okosijeni zimafunika kuchotsa madzi pang'ono pochoka m'dongosolo. Zipangizo zokhala ndi madzi ochepa zimatha kudya 1L/Nm ³ H2, pomwe zida zazikulu zimatha kuchepetsa mpaka 0.9L/Nm ³ H2. Dongosolo limawonjezeranso madzi aiwisi mosalekeza, omwe amatha kukhazikika pamlingo wamadzi amchere komanso ndende. Ikhozanso kubwezeretsanso madzi omwe adachita panthawi yake kuti apitirizebe kusungunuka kwa mchere wa alkaline.
- Transformer rectifier system
Dongosololi makamaka lili ndi zida ziwiri, thiransifoma ndi kabati yokonzanso. Ntchito yake yayikulu ndikutembenuza mphamvu ya 10/35KV AC yoperekedwa ndi mwiniwake wakutsogolo kukhala mphamvu ya DC yofunidwa ndi cell electrolytic, ndikupereka mphamvu ya DC ku cell electrolytic. Mbali ina ya mphamvu yomwe imaperekedwa imagwiritsidwa ntchito kuwola mwachindunji mamolekyu amadzi kukhala haidrojeni ndi okosijeni, ndipo gawo lina limatulutsa kutentha, komwe kumayendetsedwa ndi ozizira amchere kudzera m'madzi ozizira.
Ambiri mwa ma transformer ndi amtundu wamafuta. Ngati atayikidwa m'nyumba kapena m'chidebe, ma transfoma owuma angagwiritsidwe ntchito. Ma thiransifoma omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pazida zopangira ma electrolytic water hydrogen ndi ma transfoma apadera omwe amafunikira kufananizidwa ndi data ya selo lililonse la electrolytic, kotero ndi zida zosinthidwa makonda.
Pakalipano, kabati yokonzanso yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndi mtundu wa thyristor, womwe umathandizidwa ndi opanga zipangizo chifukwa cha nthawi yayitali yogwiritsira ntchito, kukhazikika kwakukulu, ndi mtengo wotsika. Komabe, chifukwa cha kufunikira kosinthira zida zazikuluzikulu ku mphamvu zongowonjezwdwa kutsogolo, kusinthika kwa makabati a thyristor rectifier ndikotsika. Pakadali pano, opanga makabati osiyanasiyana okonzanso akuyesetsa kutengera makabati atsopano a IGBT. IGBT ndiyofala kale m'mafakitale ena monga mphamvu yamphepo, ndipo akukhulupirira kuti makabati okonzanso a IGBT adzakhala ndi chitukuko chachikulu m'tsogolomu.
- Ndondomeko yogawa kabati
nduna yogawa makamaka ntchito kupereka mphamvu kwa zigawo zosiyanasiyana ndi Motors mu hydrogen mpweya kulekana ndi dongosolo kuyeretsedwa kuseri kwa electrolytic madzi hydrogen zipangizo kupanga, kuphatikizapo 400V kapena ambiri amatchedwa 380V zida. Zidazi zikuphatikizapo mpope wozungulira wa alkali mu ndondomeko yolekanitsa mpweya wa hydrogen ndi pampu yamadzi yodzipangira mu dongosolo lothandizira; Mphamvu yopangira mawaya otenthetsera muumitsa ndi kuyeretsa, komanso makina othandizira omwe amafunikira dongosolo lonselo monga makina amadzi oyera, ma chiller, ma compressor a mpweya, nsanja zozizirira, ndi ma hydrogen compressor ammbuyo, makina a hydrogenation, etc. ., ikuphatikizanso magetsi owunikira, kuyang'anira, ndi machitidwe ena a siteshoni yonse.
- Cpatsogolol ndondomeko
Dongosolo lowongolera limagwiritsa ntchito kuwongolera kwa PLC. PLC nthawi zambiri imatenga Siemens 1200 kapena 1500, ndipo imakhala ndi mawonekedwe okhudzana ndi makina a anthu. Kugwira ntchito ndi chiwonetsero chazigawo za dongosolo lililonse la zida komanso mawonetsedwe amalingaliro owongolera amakwaniritsidwa pazenera logwira.
5. Alkali njira kufalitsidwa dongosolo
Dongosololi limaphatikizapo zida zazikuluzikulu izi:
Cholekanitsa okosijeni wa haidrojeni - Pampu yotulutsa ya alkali yankho - Vavu - Sefa ya alkali yankho - Selo la Electrolytic
The ndondomeko yaikulu ndi motere: njira zamchere wothira haidrojeni ndi mpweya mu mpweya wa haidrojeni olekanitsa ndi olekanitsa mpweya-zamadzimadzi olekanitsa ndi refluxed ku mpope zamchere njira kufalitsidwa. Cholekanitsa cha haidrojeni ndi cholekanitsa cha okosijeni chimalumikizidwa pano, ndipo mpope wa alkaline solution wozungulira umazungulira njira ya reflux ya alkaline ku valavu ndi fyuluta ya alkaline yankho kumapeto kumbuyo. Pambuyo posefa zonyansa zazikulu, njira ya alkaline imafalikira mkati mwa cell electrolytic.
6.Hydrogen system
Mpweya wa haidrojeni umapangidwa kuchokera ku mbali ya cathode elekitirodi ndipo umafika pa olekanitsa pamodzi ndi njira yoyendera ya alkaline. Mkati mwa olekanitsa, mpweya wa haidrojeni ndi wopepuka komanso wolekanitsidwa mwachilengedwe ndi njira ya alkaline, kufika kumtunda kwa olekanitsa. Kenako, imadutsa mapaipi kuti isiyanitsenso, itakhazikika ndi madzi ozizira, ndikusonkhanitsidwa ndi drip catcher kuti ikwaniritse chiyerekezo cha 99% isanafike pakuwumitsa ndi kuyeretsa kumbuyo.
Kutuluka: Kutulutsa mpweya wa haidrojeni kumagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri panthawi yoyambira ndi yotseka, ntchito zachilendo, kapena pamene chiyero sichikukwaniritsa miyezo, komanso kuthetsa mavuto.
7. Njira ya okosijeni
Njira ya okosijeni ndi yofanana ndi ya haidrojeni, kupatula kuti imachitika m'magulu osiyanasiyana olekanitsa.
Kukhuthula: Panopa, ntchito zambiri zimagwiritsa ntchito njira yochotsera mpweya.
Kagwiritsidwe: Kagwiritsidwe ntchito ka okosijeni kumakhala kofunikira pama projekiti apadera, monga ntchito zomwe zimatha kugwiritsa ntchito haidrojeni ndi okosijeni woyeretsedwa kwambiri, monga opanga fiber optic. Palinso ntchito zina zazikulu zomwe zasungira malo ogwiritsira ntchito mpweya. Zochitika zakumbuyo ndizopanga mpweya wamadzimadzi pambuyo powumitsa ndi kuyeretsedwa, kapena mpweya wamankhwala kudzera munjira zobalalitsa. Komabe, kulondola kwa zochitika zogwiritsidwa ntchitozi kumafunikirabe kutsimikiziridwa kwina.
8. Madzi ozizira dongosolo
Njira ya electrolysis yamadzi ndi njira ya endothermic, ndipo njira yopanga haidrojeni iyenera kuperekedwa ndi mphamvu zamagetsi. Komabe, mphamvu yamagetsi yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito munjira ya electrolysis yamadzi imaposa mayamwidwe a kutentha kwamadzi a electrolysis reaction. Mwanjira ina, gawo la magetsi lomwe limagwiritsidwa ntchito mu cell electrolysis limasinthidwa kukhala kutentha, komwe kumagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri kutenthetsa njira yozungulira ya alkaline poyambira, kukweza kutentha kwa yankho la alkaline pakufunika kutentha kwa 90 ± 5. ℃ kwa zida. Ngati selo ya electrolysis ikupitiriza kugwira ntchito ikafika pa kutentha kwake, kutentha kopangidwa kuyenera kuchitidwa ndi madzi ozizira kuti asunge kutentha kwabwino kwa electrolysis reaction zone. Kutentha kwakukulu kwa electrolysis reaction zone kungachepetse kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu, koma ngati kutentha kuli kwakukulu, diaphragm ya chipinda cha electrolysis idzawonongeka, zomwe zidzawonongenso ntchito kwa nthawi yaitali ya zipangizo.
Kutentha koyenera kwa chipangizochi kumafunika kusamapitilira 95 ℃. Kuphatikiza apo, haidrojeni ndi okosijeni zomwe zimapangidwanso zimafunika kuzizidwa ndikuchotsedwa, ndipo chipangizo chowongolera madzi chokhazikika cha thyristor chimakhalanso ndi mapaipi ozizirira ofunikira.
Pampu thupi la zipangizo zazikulu amafunanso kutenga nawo mbali madzi ozizira.
- Kudzaza nayitrogeni ndi nitrogen purging system
Musanakonze zolakwika ndikugwiritsa ntchito chipangizocho, kuyezetsa kulimba kwa nayitrogeni kuyenera kuchitidwa padongosolo. Asanayambe kuyambiranso, pamafunikanso kuyeretsa gawo la gasi la dongosololi ndi nayitrogeni kuonetsetsa kuti mpweya mu gawo la mpweya kumbali zonse za haidrojeni ndi mpweya uli kutali ndi zomwe zimayaka komanso zophulika.
Zida zitatsekedwa, dongosolo lolamulira lidzasungabe kupanikizika ndikusunga kuchuluka kwa haidrojeni ndi mpweya mkati mwa dongosolo. Ngati kupanikizika kukadalipo panthawi yoyambira, palibe chifukwa chochitira ntchito yoyeretsa. Komabe, ngati kupanikizikako kwatsitsimutsidwa, ntchito yoyeretsa nitrogen iyenera kuchitidwanso.
- Njira yowumitsa haidrojeni (kuyeretsa) (posankha)
Mpweya wa haidrojeni wokonzedwa kuchokera ku electrolysis yamadzi umatsitsidwa ndi chowumitsira chofananira, ndipo pamapeto pake amayeretsedwa ndi sintered nickel chubu kuti apeze mpweya wouma wa haidrojeni. Malinga ndi zomwe wogwiritsa ntchito amafuna pakupanga haidrojeni, dongosololi likhoza kuwonjezera chipangizo choyeretsera, chomwe chimagwiritsa ntchito palladium platinamu bimetallic catalytic deoxygenation kuti chiyeretsedwe.
Hydrojeni yopangidwa ndi gawo lopanga ma electrolysis hydrogen imatumizidwa kugawo loyeretsera ma hydrogen kudzera mu tanki ya buffer.
Mpweya wa haidrojeni umadutsa munsanja ya deoxygenation, ndipo pansi pa chothandizira, mpweya wa mpweya wa haidrojeni umakhudzidwa ndi mpweya wa haidrojeni kuti utulutse madzi.
Njira yochitira: 2H2+O2 2H2O.
Kenaka, mpweya wa haidrojeni umadutsa mu hydrogen condenser (yomwe imaziziritsa mpweya kuti upangitse nthunzi yamadzi m'madzi, yomwe imatulutsidwa kunja kwa dongosolo kudzera mwa osonkhanitsa) ndikulowa mu nsanja ya adsorption.
Nthawi yotumiza: Dec-03-2024
