Electrodialysis (ED) ndi njira yomwe imagwiritsa ntchito nembanemba yocheperako komanso gawo lamagetsi lachindunji kuti lizitha kunyamula tinthu tating'ono ta solute (monga ma ion) kuchokera ku yankho. Njira yolekanitsayi imayang'ana, kusungunula, kuyenga, ndi kuyeretsa zoyankhira potsogolera zosungunulira zolipitsidwa kutali ndi madzi ndi zigawo zina zomwe sizinalipitsidwe. Electrodialysis yasintha kukhala gawo lalikulu lamankhwala ndipo imagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri paukadaulo wolekanitsa membrane. Imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'mafakitale monga kukhetsa madzi amchere, kuchotsa mchere m'madzi a m'nyanja, chakudya ndi mankhwala, komanso kuthira madzi oyipa. M'madera ena, yakhala njira yoyamba yopangira madzi akumwa. Zimapereka zabwino monga kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zochepa, phindu lalikulu lazachuma, kusamalidwa bwino, zida zolimba, mawonekedwe osinthika, kugwiritsa ntchito mosavuta ndi kukonza, kukonza zoyeretsa, kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ochepa, kuwononga chilengedwe pang'ono, nthawi yayitali yazida, komanso kubweza madzi ambiri (nthawi zambiri kuyambira 65% mpaka 80%.
Njira zodziwika bwino za electrodialysis zimaphatikizapo electrodeionization (EDI), electrodialysis reversal (EDR), electrodialysis with liquid membranes (EDLM), high-temperature electrodialysis, roll-type electrodialysis, bipolar membrane electrodialysis, ndi ena.
Electrodialysis ingagwiritsidwe ntchito pochiza mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya madzi oyipa, kuphatikiza madzi otayira a electroplating ndi madzi otayidwa ndi zitsulo zolemera. Itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kutulutsa ayoni achitsulo ndi zinthu zina m'madzi otayidwa, kulola kubwezeretsedwanso ndikugwiritsanso ntchito madzi ndi zinthu zamtengo wapatali ndikuchepetsa kuipitsidwa ndi mpweya. Kafukufuku wasonyeza kuti electrodialysis imatha kuchira mkuwa, zinki, ngakhalenso oxidize Cr3+ mpaka Cr6+ pochiza mayankho a passivation popanga mkuwa. Kuphatikiza apo, electrodialysis yaphatikizidwa ndi kusinthana kwa ayoni kuti abwezeretse zitsulo zolemera ndi ma acid kuchokera kumadzi otayira a asidi m'mafakitale. Zida zopangidwa mwapadera za electrodialysis, zogwiritsa ntchito ma anion ndi cation exchange resins ngati zodzaza, zakhala zikugwiritsidwa ntchito poyeretsa madzi achitsulo olemera kwambiri, kukwaniritsa kukonzanso kotseka komanso kutulutsa ziro. Electrodialysis ingagwiritsidwenso ntchito pochiza madzi amchere amchere ndi madzi onyansa achilengedwe.
Kafukufuku wopangidwa ku State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse ku China adaphunzira za chithandizo chamadzi ochapira amchere okhala ndi epoxy propane chlorination mchira wa gasi pogwiritsa ntchito ion exchange membrane electrolysis. Pamene magetsi a electrolysis anali 5.0V ndipo nthawi yozungulira inali maola atatu, mlingo wochotsa COD wa madzi onyansa unafika 78%, ndipo mlingo wa kuchira kwa alkali unali wokwera kwambiri mpaka 73.55%, ukugwira ntchito ngati chithandizo chothandizira mayunitsi amtundu wa biochemical wotsatira. Ukadaulo wa Electrodialysis wagwiritsidwanso ntchito pochiza madzi otayira a organic acid, omwe amayambira 3% mpaka 15%, ndi Shandong Luhua Petrochemical Company. Njirayi imapangitsa kuti pasakhale zotsalira kapena kuipitsidwa kwachiwiri, ndipo yankho lokhazikika lomwe limapezeka lili ndi 20% mpaka 40% ya asidi, yomwe imatha kubwezeretsedwanso ndikuthandizidwa, kuchepetsa acidity m'madzi onyansa mpaka 0.05% mpaka 0.3%. Komanso, Sinopec Sichuan Petrochemical Company ntchito wapadera electrodialysis chipangizo kuchitira condensate madzi oipa, kukwaniritsa pazipita mankhwala mphamvu ya 36 t/h, ndi ammonium nitrate zili m'madzi moikirapo kufika pamwamba 20%, ndi kukwaniritsa mlingo kuchira pa 96. %. Madzi oyeretsedwawo anali ndi gawo la ammonium nitrogen mass ≤40mg/L, kukwaniritsa miyezo ya chilengedwe.
Nthawi yotumiza: Sep-07-2023
