Electrodialysis (ED) ndi njira yomwe imagwiritsa ntchito nembanemba yomwe imatha kulowa pang'onopang'ono komanso mphamvu yamagetsi yolunjika kuti inyamule tinthu tating'onoting'ono tomwe timayendetsedwa ndi magetsi (monga ma ayoni) kuchokera ku yankho. Njira yolekanitsirayi imayang'ana kwambiri, kuchepetsa, kukonza, ndikuyeretsa mayankho powatsogolera ma solute omwe amayendetsedwa kutali ndi madzi ndi zinthu zina zopanda magetsi. Electrodialysis yasanduka ntchito yayikulu ya mankhwala ndipo imagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri muukadaulo wolekanitsa nembanemba. Imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'mafakitale monga kuchotsa mchere m'madzi a m'nyanja, kuchotsa mchere m'madzi a m'nyanja, chakudya ndi mankhwala, komanso kukonza madzi otayira. M'madera ena, yakhala njira yayikulu yopangira madzi akumwa. Imapereka zabwino monga kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zochepa, phindu lalikulu pazachuma, kukonza kosavuta pasadakhale, zida zolimba, kapangidwe ka makina osinthasintha, kugwiritsa ntchito mosavuta ndi kukonza, njira yoyera, kugwiritsa ntchito mankhwala ochepa, kuipitsa chilengedwe pang'ono, nthawi yayitali ya chipangizo, komanso kuchuluka kwa madzi omwe amabwezeretsedwa (nthawi zambiri kuyambira 65% mpaka 80%).
Njira zodziwika bwino zoyezera electrodialysis ndi monga electrodeionization (EDI), electrodialysis reversal (EDR), electrodialysis yokhala ndi ma membrane amadzimadzi (EDLM), electrodialysis yotentha kwambiri, roll-type electrodialysis, bipolar membrane electrodialysis, ndi zina.
Kuyeretsa kwa electrodialysis kungagwiritsidwe ntchito pochiza mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya madzi otayira, kuphatikizapo madzi otayira opangidwa ndi electroplating ndi madzi otayira olemera omwe ali ndi zitsulo zolemera. Kungagwiritsidwe ntchito pochotsa ma ayoni achitsulo ndi zinthu zina kuchokera m'madzi otayira, zomwe zimathandiza kuti madzi ndi zinthu zamtengo wapatali zibwezeretsedwenso ndikugwiritsidwanso ntchito pamene akuchepetsa kuipitsa ndi kutulutsa mpweya. Kafukufuku wasonyeza kuti electrodialysis imatha kubwezeretsa mkuwa, zinc, komanso oxidize Cr3+ ku Cr6+ panthawi yochiza njira zopangira mkuwa. Kuphatikiza apo, electrodialysis yaphatikizidwa ndi kusinthana kwa ma ayoni kuti ibwezeretse zitsulo zolemera ndi ma acid kuchokera ku madzi otayira acid mu ntchito zamafakitale. Zipangizo za electrodialysis zopangidwa mwapadera, pogwiritsa ntchito ma resini osinthira a anion ndi cation monga zodzaza, zagwiritsidwa ntchito pochiza madzi otayira achitsulo cholemera, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zibwezeretsedwenso komanso kuti zisakhale ndi madzi otayira. Kuyeretsa kwa electrodialysis kungagwiritsidwenso ntchito pochiza madzi otayira a alkaline ndi madzi otayira achilengedwe.
Kafukufuku wochitidwa ku State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse ku China adaphunzira za chithandizo cha madzi otayira a alkali okhala ndi epoxy propane chlorination tail gas pogwiritsa ntchito electrolysis ya ion exchange membrane. Pamene magetsi a electrolysis anali 5.0V ndipo nthawi yoyendera inali maola atatu, kuchuluka kwa madzi otayira a COD kunafika pa 78%, ndipo kuchuluka kwa madzi otayira a alkali kunali kokwera kufika pa 73.55%, zomwe zimagwira ntchito ngati chithandizo chothandiza cha mayunitsi ena a biochemical. Ukadaulo wa electrodialysis wagwiritsidwanso ntchito pochiza madzi otayira a organic acid okhala ndi kuchuluka kwakukulu, okhala ndi kuchuluka kuyambira 3% mpaka 15%, ndi Shandong Luhua Petrochemical Company. Njirayi imapangitsa kuti pasakhale zotsalira kapena kuipitsidwa kwachiwiri, ndipo yankho loyikika lomwe lapezeka lili ndi 20% mpaka 40% acid, yomwe imatha kubwezeretsedwanso ndikuchiritsidwa, kuchepetsa kuchuluka kwa asidi m'madzi otayira kufika pa 0.05% mpaka 0.3%. Kuphatikiza apo, Sinopec Sichuan Petrochemical Company idagwiritsa ntchito chipangizo chapadera choyezera madzi kuti ichite madzi otayira omwe amaundana, zomwe zidapangitsa kuti madziwo azitha kuchira bwino kwambiri mpaka 36 t/h, ndipo ammonium nitrate yomwe ili m'madzi okhuthala imafika pamwamba pa 20%, ndipo imabwezeretsa madziwo pamlingo woposa 96%. Madzi abwino omwe adakonzedwa anali ndi ammonium nitrogen mass fraction ya ≤40mg/L, zomwe zimakwaniritsa miyezo ya chilengedwe.
Nthawi yotumizira: Sep-07-2023
