Ndi kuchuluka kwapadziko lonse lapansi kufunafuna mphamvu zoyera komanso chitukuko chokhazikika, mphamvu ya haidrojeni, monga chonyamulira champhamvu komanso choyera, ikulowa pang'onopang'ono m'masomphenya a anthu. Monga cholumikizira chachikulu mumndandanda wamakampani amagetsi a hydrogen, ukadaulo woyeretsa hydrogen sikuti umangokhudza chitetezo ndi kudalirika kwa mphamvu ya haidrojeni, komanso umakhudza mwachindunji kuchuluka kwa ntchito komanso phindu lazachuma la mphamvu ya haidrojeni.
1.Zofunikira pakupanga haidrojeni
Hydrogen, monga mankhwala opangira mankhwala komanso chonyamulira mphamvu, ili ndi zofunikira zosiyanasiyana pazaukhondo ndi zonyansa pamachitidwe osiyanasiyana ogwiritsira ntchito. Popanga kupanga ammonia, methanol ndi mankhwala ena, pofuna kupewa chothandizira poyizoni ndi kuonetsetsa mankhwala khalidwe, sulfides ndi zinthu zina poizoni mu mpweya chakudya ayenera kuchotsedwa pasadakhale kuchepetsa zonyansa okhutira kukwaniritsa zofunika. M'mafakitale monga zitsulo, zoumba, magalasi, ndi ma semiconductors, gasi wa haidrojeni amalumikizana mwachindunji ndi zinthu, ndipo zofunika paukhondo ndi zodetsa zimakhala zovuta kwambiri. Mwachitsanzo, m'makampani opanga ma semiconductor, haidrojeni imagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati kristalo ndi gawo lapansi lokonzekera, makutidwe ndi okosijeni, annealing, ndi zina zambiri, zomwe zimakhala ndi malire apamwamba kwambiri pazinyalala monga mpweya, madzi, ma hydrocarbon olemera, hydrogen sulfide, ndi zina zambiri.
2.Njira yogwira ntchito ya deoxygenation
Pansi pa chothandizira, mpweya wochepa wa hydrogen ukhoza kuchitapo kanthu ndi haidrojeni kuti apange madzi, kukwaniritsa cholinga cha deoxygenation. Zomwe zimachitika ndi exothermic reaction, ndipo ma equation amachitira motere:
2H ₂+O ₂ (chothandizira) -2H ₂ O+Q
Chifukwa mapangidwe, mankhwala, ndi khalidwe la chothandizira palokha sizisintha isanayambe kapena itatha, chothandiziracho chingagwiritsidwe ntchito mosalekeza popanda kubadwanso.
Deoxidizer ili ndi mkati ndi kunja kwa silinda, ndi chothandizira chodzaza pakati pa masilinda akunja ndi amkati. Chigawo chotenthetsera chamagetsi chophulika chimayikidwa mkati mwa silinda yamkati, ndipo masensa awiri a kutentha amakhala pamwamba ndi pansi pa chothandizira kuti azindikire ndikuwongolera kutentha. Silinda yakunjayo imakutidwa ndi zosanjikiza zotchingira kuti ziteteze kutentha komanso kupewa kuyaka. Hydrojeni yaiwisi imalowa mu silinda yamkati kuchokera kumtunda wapamwamba wa deoxidizer, imatenthedwa ndi chinthu chotenthetsera chamagetsi, ndipo imadutsa mu bedi lothandizira kuchokera pansi mpaka pamwamba. Mpweya womwe uli mu haidrojeni yaiwisiyo umakhudzidwa ndi hydrogen pansi pa zochita za chothandizira kupanga madzi. Mpweya wa okosijeni mu haidrojeni wotuluka kuchokera kumunsi kutsika ukhoza kuchepetsedwa kukhala pansi pa 1ppm. Madzi opangidwa ndi kuphatikiza amayenda kuchokera mu deoxidizer mu mawonekedwe a mpweya ndi mpweya wa haidrojeni, amasungunuka mu ozizira wa hydrogen wotsatira, zosefera mu cholekanitsa madzi a mpweya, ndipo amatulutsidwa kuchokera ku dongosolo.
3.Working mfundo youma
Kuyanika kwa gasi wa haidrojeni kumagwiritsa ntchito njira yotsatsira, pogwiritsa ntchito sieve zama cell monga ma adsorbents. Mukaumitsa, mame a gasi wa haidrojeni amatha kufika pansi -70 ℃. Sieve ya molekyulu ndi mtundu wa aluminosilicate pawiri ndi latisi kiyubiki, amene amapanga mapanga ambiri ofanana kukula mkati pambuyo kutaya madzi m'thupi ndipo ali ndi lalikulu kwambiri padziko. Sieve za mamolekyulu zimatchedwa masieve a mamolekyulu chifukwa amatha kulekanitsa mamolekyu okhala ndi mawonekedwe osiyanasiyana, ma diameter, polarities, mfundo zowira, ndi kuchuluka kwa machulukitsidwe.
Madzi ndi molekyulu ya polar kwambiri, ndipo sieve za mamolekyulu zimalumikizana kwambiri ndi madzi. Kutengeka kwa ma sieve a ma molekyulu ndi kutengeka kwa thupi, ndipo pamene adsorption yakhuta, imatenga nthawi kuti itenthe ndi kukonzanso isanabwerenso. Choncho, zosachepera ziwiri zowumitsira zimaphatikizidwa mu chipangizo choyeretsera, ndi chimodzi chikugwira ntchito pamene china chimapanganso, kuonetsetsa kuti mosalekeza kupanga mame mfundo khola mpweya wa haidrojeni.
Chowumitsira chimakhala ndi mkati ndi kunja kwa silinda, ndi adsorbent yodzaza pakati pa masilinda akunja ndi amkati. Chigawo chotenthetsera chamagetsi chosaphulika chimayikidwa mkati mwa silinda yamkati, ndipo masensa awiri a kutentha amakhala pamwamba ndi pansi pa molekyulu ya sieve kuti azindikire ndikuwongolera kutentha komwe kumachitikira. Silinda yakunjayo imakutidwa ndi zosanjikiza zotchingira kuti ziteteze kutentha komanso kupewa kuyaka. Kuthamanga kwa mpweya mu chikhalidwe cha adsorption (kuphatikizapo maiko oyambirira ndi achiwiri ogwira ntchito) ndi kubadwanso kwatsopano kumasinthidwa. M'chigawo cha adsorption, chitoliro chakumtunda ndichotulukira gasi ndipo chitoliro cham'munsi ndi polowera mpweya. M'malo osinthika, chitoliro chakumtunda ndikulowera kwa gasi ndipo chitoliro chakumunsi chakumunsi ndi potulutsa mpweya. Makina owumitsa amatha kugawidwa kukhala zowumitsira nsanja ziwiri ndi zowumitsa nsanja zitatu malinga ndi kuchuluka kwa zowumitsa.
4.Two nsanja ndondomeko
Zowumitsira ziwiri zimayikidwa mu chipangizocho, zomwe zimasinthana ndikuzipanganso mkati mwa chizungulire chimodzi (maola 48) kuti zitheke kugwira ntchito mosalekeza kwa chipangizo chonsecho. Mukaumitsa, mame a haidrojeni amatha kufika pansi -60 ℃. Panthawi yogwira ntchito (maola 48), zowumitsira A ndi B zimagwira ntchito ndikukonzanso, motsatana.
Munthawi yosinthira imodzi, chowumitsira chimakhala ndi zigawo ziwiri: malo ogwirira ntchito komanso kusinthikanso.
· Kubadwanso kwatsopano: The processing gasi voliyumu ndi zonse gasi voliyumu. Kubadwanso kwatsopano kumaphatikizapo siteji yotentha ndi kuwomba kozizira;
1) Kutentha siteji - chowotcha mkati mwa chowumitsira chimagwira ntchito, ndipo chimangoyimitsa kutentha pamene kutentha kwapamwamba kufika pamtengo wokhazikika kapena nthawi yotentha ikufika pamtengo wokhazikika;
2) Chigawo chozizira - Chowumitsa chikasiya kutentha, mpweya umapitirira kudutsa mu chowumitsira mu njira yoyambirira kuti uziziziritsa mpaka chowumitsira chisinthe ndikugwira ntchito.
·Mkhalidwe wogwirira ntchito: Kuchuluka kwa mpweya wokonza kumakhala kokwanira, ndipo chotenthetsera mkati mwa chowumitsira sichikugwira ntchito.
5.Three tower workflow
Pakalipano, ndondomeko ya nsanja zitatu imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri. Zowumitsira zitatu zimayikidwa mu chipangizocho, chomwe chili ndi ma desiccants (ma cell sieves) okhala ndi mphamvu yayikulu yotsatsa komanso kukana kutentha. Zowumitsira zitatu zimasinthana pakati pa ntchito, kukonzanso, ndi kutsatsa kuti zitheke kugwira ntchito mosalekeza kwa chipangizo chonsecho. Mukaumitsa, mame a gasi wa haidrojeni amatha kufika pansi -70 ℃.
Panthawi yosinthira, chowumitsira chimadutsa m'magawo atatu: kugwira ntchito, kutsatsa, ndi kusinthika. Pachigawo chilichonse, chowumitsira choyamba chomwe mpweya wa haidrojeni waiwisi umalowa pambuyo pa deoxygenation, kuzizira, ndi kusefera kwamadzi:
1) Ntchito yogwirira ntchito: Kuchuluka kwa gasi wopangira mafuta kumakhala kokwanira, chotenthetsera mkati mwa chowumitsira sichikugwira ntchito, ndipo sing'anga ndi gasi wa hydrogen waiwisi womwe sunathere madzi;
Chowumitsira chachiwiri cholowera chili pa:
2) Kubadwanso kwatsopano: 20% voliyumu ya gasi: Dziko lobadwanso limaphatikizapo siteji yotenthetsera ndi siteji yozizirira;
Malo otentha - chowotcha mkati mwa chowumitsira chimagwira ntchito, ndipo chimangoyimitsa kutentha pamene kutentha kwapamwamba kufika pamtengo wokhazikika kapena nthawi yotentha ikufika pamtengo wokhazikika;
Gawo loziziritsa - Chowumitsa chikasiya kutentha, mpweya umapitilira kudutsa mu chowumitsira munjira yoyambirira kuti uziziziritsa mpaka chowumitsira chisinthira kunjira yogwirira ntchito; Pamene chowumitsira chiri mu siteji yosinthika, sing'angayo imakhala yopanda madzi ndi mpweya wouma wa haidrojeni;
Chowumitsira chachitatu cholowera chili pa:
3) Adsorption state: Kuchuluka kwa gasi wokonza ndi 20%, chowotcha mu chowumitsira sichikugwira ntchito, ndipo sing'anga ndi gasi wa haidrojeni kuti upangidwenso.
Nthawi yotumiza: Dec-19-2024
