Printed Circuit Boards (PCBs) ndi gawo lofunikira pazida zamakono zamakono, zomwe zimakhala ngati maziko a zigawo zomwe zimapanga zipangizozi. Ma PCB amakhala ndi gawo lapansi, lomwe nthawi zambiri limapangidwa ndi magalasi a fiberglass, okhala ndi njira zowongolera kapena zosindikizidwa pamwamba kuti zilumikizane ndi zida zosiyanasiyana zamagetsi. Chimodzi mwazinthu zofunika kwambiri pakupanga kwa PCB ndikuyika, komwe kumagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri pakuwonetsetsa kuti PCB ikugwira ntchito komanso yodalirika. M'nkhaniyi, tiwona momwe PCB plating imathandizira, kufunikira kwake, ndi mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya plating yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga PCB.
Kodi PCB Plating ndi chiyani?
PCB plating ndi njira yoyika chitsulo chowonda pamwamba pa gawo lapansi la PCB ndi njira zoyendetsera. Kuyika uku kumagwira ntchito zingapo, kuphatikiza kupititsa patsogolo kayendedwe ka mayendedwe, kuteteza mkuwa wowonekera kuti usatenthedwe ndi dzimbiri, ndikupatsanso malo opangira zida zamagetsi pa bolodi. Njira yopangira plating imachitika pogwiritsa ntchito njira zosiyanasiyana zama electrochemical, monga electroless plating kapena electroplating, kuti akwaniritse makulidwe omwe amafunidwa ndi zinthu zomwe zimakutidwa.
Kufunika kwa PCB Plating
Kuyika kwa ma PCB ndikofunikira pazifukwa zingapo. Choyamba, kumapangitsa kuti njira za mkuwa zikhale bwino, kuonetsetsa kuti zizindikiro zamagetsi zimatha kuyenda bwino pakati pa zigawozo. Izi ndizofunikira makamaka pamapulogalamu apamwamba komanso othamanga kwambiri pomwe kukhulupirika kwazizindikiro ndikofunikira. Kuphatikiza apo, wosanjikiza wothira amakhala ngati chotchinga motsutsana ndi zinthu zachilengedwe monga chinyezi ndi zonyansa, zomwe zimatha kusokoneza magwiridwe antchito a PCB pakapita nthawi. Komanso, plating amapereka pamwamba pa soldering, kulola kuti zipangizo zamagetsi kuti zomangika bwino pa bolodi, kupanga odalirika kugwirizana magetsi.
Mitundu ya PCB Plating
Pali mitundu ingapo ya plating yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga PCB, iliyonse ili ndi mawonekedwe ake apadera komanso ntchito zake. Ena mwa mitundu yodziwika bwino ya PCB plating ndi:
1. Electroless Nickel Immersion Gold (ENIG): ENIG plating imagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri popanga PCB chifukwa cha kukana kwake kwa dzimbiri komanso kusungunuka kwake. Amakhala ndi wosanjikiza woonda wa nickel electroless wotsatiridwa ndi wosanjikiza wa kumizidwa golide, kupereka lathyathyathya ndi yosalala pamwamba pa soldering pamene kuteteza mkuwa wapansi ku okosijeni.
2. Golide Wopangidwa ndi Electroplated: Kuyika kwa golidi kwa Electroplated kumadziwika chifukwa cha kusintha kwake kwapadera komanso kukana kuipitsidwa, ndikupangitsa kuti ikhale yoyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito komwe kudalirika kwambiri komanso moyo wautali zimafunikira. Nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito pazida zamagetsi zapamwamba komanso ntchito zamlengalenga.
3. Electroplated Tin: Kupaka malata kumagwiritsidwa ntchito ngati njira yotsika mtengo ya ma PCB. Zimapereka kugulitsa bwino komanso kukana kwa dzimbiri, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zoyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito pazolinga zonse pomwe mtengo ndiwofunikira kwambiri.
4. Siliva Wopangidwa ndi Electroplated: Silver plating imapereka ma conductivity abwino kwambiri ndipo nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga ma frequency apamwamba pomwe kukhulupirika kwa chizindikiro ndikofunikira. Komabe, ndizovuta kwambiri kuipitsidwa poyerekeza ndi zokutira golide.
The Plating Process
Njira yopangira plating imayamba ndikukonza gawo lapansi la PCB, lomwe limaphatikizapo kuyeretsa ndi kuyatsa pamwamba kuti zitsimikizire kumatira koyenera kwa wosanjikiza. Pakuyika kwa electroless plating, bafa lamankhwala lomwe lili ndi zitsulo zokutira zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kuyika kagawo kakang'ono kagawo kakang'ono kagawo kakang'ono. Kumbali inayi, electroplating imaphatikizapo kumiza PCB mu njira ya electrolyte ndikudutsa mphamvu yamagetsi kuti aike chitsulo pamwamba.
Pa plating ndondomeko, m'pofunika kulamulira makulidwe ndi yunifolomu wa yokutidwa wosanjikiza kukwaniritsa zofunika zenizeni za mapangidwe PCB. Izi zimatheka chifukwa cha kuwongolera bwino kwa magawo oyikapo, monga mawonekedwe a plating solution, kutentha, kachulukidwe kakali pano, ndi nthawi yopangira. Njira zowongolera zaubwino, kuphatikiza kuyeza makulidwe ndi kuyezetsa kumamatira, zimachitikanso kuti zitsimikizire kukhulupirika kwa gawo lopukutidwa.
Mavuto ndi Kuganizira
Ngakhale plating ya PCB imapereka zabwino zambiri, pali zovuta zina ndi malingaliro okhudzana ndi njirayi. Vuto limodzi lodziwika bwino ndikukwaniritsa makulidwe a plating pa PCB yonse, makamaka pamapangidwe ovuta omwe ali ndi mawonekedwe osiyanasiyana. Kulingalira koyenera, monga kugwiritsa ntchito masks plating ndi njira zoyang'anira zolepheretsa, ndizofunikira kuti zitsimikizire kuti plating yofanana ndikugwira ntchito kwamagetsi kosasintha.
Kuganizira za chilengedwe kumathandizanso kwambiri pakuyika kwa PCB, chifukwa mankhwala ndi zinyalala zomwe zimapangidwa panthawi yopangira plating zitha kukhala ndi zotsatira za chilengedwe. Zotsatira zake, opanga ma PCB ambiri akutenga njira zopangira zokometsera zachilengedwe ndi zida kuti achepetse kukhudzidwa kwa chilengedwe.
Komanso, kusankha plating zakuthupi ndi makulidwe ayenera agwirizane ndi zofunika zenizeni za ntchito PCB. Mwachitsanzo, mabwalo a digito othamanga kwambiri angafunike kuwotcha kwambiri kuti achepetse kutayika kwa ma sign, pomwe ma RF ndi ma microwave amatha kupindula ndi zida zapadera zomangira kuti zisunge kukhulupirika kwa ma siginecha pama frequency apamwamba.
Zam'tsogolo mu PCB Plating
Pamene ukadaulo ukupitilirabe patsogolo, gawo la PCB plating likukulanso kuti likwaniritse zofunikira za zida zamagetsi zam'badwo wotsatira. Chimodzi mwazinthu zodziwika bwino ndikukula kwa zida zapamwamba zopukutira ndi njira zomwe zimapereka magwiridwe antchito, kudalirika, komanso kukhazikika kwa chilengedwe. Izi zikuphatikizanso kuwunika kwazitsulo zina zomangira ndi kumalizidwa kwapamwamba kuti athe kuthana ndi zovuta zomwe zikukulirakulira komanso kusintha pang'ono kwa zida zamagetsi.
Kuphatikiza apo, kuphatikiza kwa njira zapamwamba zokutira, monga pulse ndi reverse pulse plating, zikuyenda bwino kuti mukwaniritse makulidwe abwino kwambiri komanso mawonekedwe apamwamba pamapangidwe a PCB. Njirazi zimathandizira kuwongolera bwino pakuyika, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale kufanana komanso kusasinthika pa PCB yonse.
Pomaliza, PCB plating ndi gawo lofunikira kwambiri pakupanga kwa PCB, lomwe limagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri pakuwonetsetsa kuti zida zamagetsi zikugwira ntchito, kudalirika, komanso magwiridwe antchito. The plating ndondomeko, pamodzi ndi kusankha plating zipangizo ndi njira, mwachindunji zimakhudza magetsi ndi makina katundu wa PCB. Pomwe ukadaulo ukupitilira kupita patsogolo, kupanga njira zatsopano zopangira ma plating kuyenera kukhala kofunikira kuti zikwaniritse zofuna zamakampani opanga zamagetsi, ndikupititsa patsogolo kupita patsogolo komanso luso lazopangapanga za PCB.
T: PCB Plating: Kumvetsetsa Njira ndi Kufunika Kwake
D: Mapulani Osindikizidwa Ozungulira (PCBs) ndi mbali yofunika kwambiri ya zipangizo zamakono zamakono, zomwe zimakhala ngati maziko a zigawo zomwe zimapanga zipangizozi. Ma PCB amakhala ndi gawo lapansi, lomwe nthawi zambiri limapangidwa ndi magalasi a fiberglass, okhala ndi njira zowongolera kapena zosindikizidwa pamwamba kuti zilumikizane ndi zida zosiyanasiyana zamagetsi.
K: pcb plating
Nthawi yotumiza: Aug-01-2024
