Electrocoagulation (EC) ndi njira yomwe imagwiritsa ntchito magetsi kuti achotse zonyansa m'madzi onyansa. Zimaphatikizapo kugwiritsa ntchito magetsi a dc kuti asungunuke ma elekitirodi a nsembe, omwe kenako amamasula ayoni achitsulo omwe amalumikizana ndi zowononga. Njirayi yatchuka chifukwa cha mphamvu zake, zachilengedwe, komanso kusinthasintha posamalira mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya madzi oipa.
Mfundo za Electrocoagulation
Mu electrocoagulation, mphamvu yamagetsi imadutsa muzitsulo zachitsulo zomizidwa m'madzi oipa. Anode (positive electrode) amasungunuka, kutulutsa zitsulo monga aluminiyamu kapena chitsulo m'madzi. Ma ion azitsulowa amachitira ndi zoipitsa m'madzi, kupanga ma insoluble hydroxides omwe amaphatikizana ndipo amatha kuchotsedwa mosavuta. The cathode (negative elekitirodi) umabala wa haidrojeni mpweya, amene amathandiza mu akuyandama ndi coagulated particles pamwamba kwa skimming.
Ndondomeko yonseyi ikhoza kufotokozedwa mwachidule m'njira zotsatirazi:
Electrolysis: magetsi a dc amagwiritsidwa ntchito pamagetsi, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti anode asungunuke ndikutulutsa ayoni achitsulo.
Coagulation: The anamasulidwa zitsulo ayoni neutralize milandu inaimitsidwa particles ndi kusungunuka zoipitsa, kutsogolera mapangidwe aggregates zikuluzikulu.
Flotation: Mapiritsi a gasi wa haidrojeni opangidwa pa cathode amamangiriridwa pamagulu, kuwapangitsa kuti ayandame pamwamba.
Kupatukana: Zinyalala zoyandama zimachotsedwa ndi skimming, pomwe matope okhazikika amatengedwa kuchokera pansi.
Ubwino wa DC Power Supply mu Electrocoagulation
Kuchita bwino: mphamvu yamagetsi ya dc imalola kuwongolera bwino komwe kulipo komanso voteji yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito, kukhathamiritsa kusungunuka kwa maelekitirodi ndikuwonetsetsa kuti zoyipitsidwa zikuyenda bwino.
Kuphweka: Kukonzekera kwa electrocoagulation pogwiritsa ntchito magetsi a DC ndikosavuta, kumakhala ndi magetsi, maelekitirodi, ndi chipinda chochitiramo.
Ubwino Wachilengedwe: Mosiyana ndi kuphatikizika kwamankhwala, electrocoagulation sikufuna kuwonjezera mankhwala akunja, kuchepetsa chiopsezo cha kuipitsidwa kwachiwiri.
Kusinthasintha: EC imatha kuchiza zowononga zambiri, kuphatikiza zitsulo zolemera, organic compounds, zolimba zoyimitsidwa, ngakhale tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.
Kugwiritsa Ntchito Electrocoagulation mu Wastewater Treatment
Madzi Otayira m'mafakitale: Electrocoagulation ndi yothandiza kwambiri pochiza madzi otayira m'mafakitale okhala ndi zitsulo zolemera, utoto, mafuta, ndi zowononga zina zovuta. Makampani monga nsalu, electroplating, ndi mankhwala amapindula ndi kuthekera kwa EC kuchotsa zinthu zapoizoni ndikuchepetsa kufunikira kwa oxygen oxygen (COD).
Madzi a Municipal Wastewater: EC itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati njira yoyamba kapena yachiwiri yochizira madzi onyansa a tapala, kuthandiza kuchotsa zolimba zoyimitsidwa, ma phosphates, ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda. Imakulitsa mtundu wonse wamadzi oyeretsedwa, kuwapangitsa kukhala oyenera kukhetsedwa kapena kugwiritsidwanso ntchito.
Agricultural Runoff: EC imatha kuchiza madzi otuluka muulimi omwe ali ndi mankhwala ophera tizilombo, feteleza, ndi zinthu zachilengedwe. Pulogalamuyi imathandizira kuchepetsa kukhudzidwa kwa ntchito zaulimi pamadzi oyandikana nawo.
Kuchiza kwa Madzi a Mkuntho: EC ikhoza kugwiritsidwa ntchito pamadzi osefukira kuti achotse matope, zitsulo zolemera, ndi zowononga zina, kuwalepheretsa kulowa m'madzi achilengedwe.
Ma Parameters Ogwira Ntchito ndi Kukhathamiritsa
Kuchita bwino kwa electrocoagulation kumadalira magawo angapo ogwirira ntchito, kuphatikiza:
Kachulukidwe Kakanthawi: Kuchuluka kwazomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito pagawo lililonse la ma elekitirodi kumakhudza kuchuluka kwa ayoni wachitsulo kutulutsidwa komanso magwiridwe antchito onse. Kuchulukirachulukira kwapano kumatha kukulitsa chithandizo chamankhwala koma kungayambitsenso kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zambiri komanso kuvala ma elekitirodi.
Electrode Material: Kusankhidwa kwa ma elekitirodi (nthawi zambiri aluminiyamu kapena chitsulo) kumakhudza mtundu ndi mphamvu ya coagulation. Zida zosiyanasiyana zimasankhidwa malinga ndi zowonongeka zomwe zimapezeka m'madzi onyansa.
pH: The pH ya madzi oipa imakhudza kusungunuka ndi kupanga ma hydroxides azitsulo. Miyezo yabwino kwambiri ya pH imawonetsetsa kuti ma coagulation akuyenda bwino komanso kukhazikika kwamagulu opangidwa.
Kukonzekera kwa Electrode: Makonzedwe ndi masitayilo a maelekitirodi amakhudza kagawidwe ka malo amagetsi ndi kufananiza kwa njira yochizira. Kusintha koyenera kumawonjezera kulumikizana pakati pa ayoni achitsulo ndi zonyansa.
Nthawi Yochita: Kutalika kwa electrocoagulation kumakhudza kuchuluka kwa zonyansa. Nthawi yokwanira yochitirapo kanthu imatsimikizira kukhazikika kokwanira komanso kulekanitsidwa kwa zowononga.
Mavuto ndi Njira Zamtsogolo
Ngakhale zabwino zake, electrocoagulation imakumana ndi zovuta zina:
Kugwiritsa Ntchito Ma Electrode: Kupereka nsembe kwa anode kumabweretsa kudyedwa kwake pang'onopang'ono, kumafuna kusinthidwa nthawi ndi nthawi kapena kusinthidwanso.
Kugwiritsa Ntchito Mphamvu: Ngakhale magetsi a DC amalola kuwongolera bwino, amatha kukhala ndi mphamvu zambiri, makamaka pazochita zazikulu.
Kasamalidwe ka Sludge: Njirayi imapanga zinyalala zomwe zimayenera kusamaliridwa bwino ndikutayidwa, ndikuwonjezera ndalama zogwirira ntchito.
Kafukufuku wamtsogolo ndi zomwe zikuchitika zikufuna kuthana ndi zovuta izi:
Kupititsa patsogolo Zida za Electrode: Kupanga zida zokhazikika komanso zogwira mtima za ma elekitirodi kuti muchepetse kugwiritsa ntchito ndikuwongolera magwiridwe antchito.
Kupititsa patsogolo Magetsi: Kugwiritsa ntchito njira zamakono zopangira magetsi, monga pulsed DC, kuchepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu ndikuwongolera chithandizo chamankhwala.
Kupititsa patsogolo Kugwira kwa Dongosolo: Njira zatsopano zochepetsera zinyalala ndi kulimbitsa mphamvu, monga kusintha matope kukhala zinthu zothandiza.
Pomaliza, magetsi a DC amatenga gawo lofunikira pakuwongolera madzi akuwonongeka, kupereka njira yothandiza, yosamalira zachilengedwe, komanso yosunthika pochotsa zoyipitsidwa zosiyanasiyana. Ndikupita patsogolo komanso kukhathamiritsa komwe kukupitilira, electrocoagulation yatsala pang'ono kukhala njira yotheka komanso yokhazikika yothana ndi zovuta zapadziko lonse lapansi zochotsa madzi onyansa.
Nthawi yotumiza: Jul-12-2024
