Mfundo Yogwira Ntchito ya Electrolytic Copper Rectifier

Zokonzanso zamkuwa ndizofunikira kwambiri pamafakitale osiyanasiyana, makamaka m'makampani opanga ma electroplating ndi zitsulo zoyenga. Zokonzanso izi zimagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri pakusintha ma alternating current (AC) kukhala Direct current (DC) pakuyenga ma electrolytic amkuwa. Kumvetsetsa mfundo yogwirira ntchito ya electrolytic copper rectifiers ndikofunikira kuti timvetsetse kufunikira kwawo pamafakitale.

Mfundo yogwirira ntchito ya electrolytic copper rectifier imakhudza kutembenuka kwa AC kukhala DC kudzera munjira ya electrolysis. Electrolysis ndi njira yamankhwala yomwe imagwiritsa ntchito mphamvu yamagetsi kuyendetsa zinthu zomwe sizichitika zokha. Pankhani yoyenga mkuwa, chowongoleracho chimathandizira kuyika kwa mkuwa woyera pa cathode podutsa magetsi oyendetsedwa ndi DC kudzera mumkuwa wa sulfate.

Zigawo zoyambira za electrolytic copper rectifier zimaphatikizapo thiransifoma, gawo lowongolera, ndi dongosolo lowongolera. Transformer imayang'anira kutsitsa magetsi okwera kwambiri a AC kupita kumagetsi otsika oyenerera njira ya electrolytic. Chigawo chowongolera, chomwe nthawi zambiri chimakhala ndi ma diode kapena thyristors, chimatembenuza AC kukhala DC polola kuyenda kwapano kumbali imodzi yokha. Dongosolo lowongolera limayang'anira magetsi otulutsa ndi apano kuti zitsimikizire zolondola komanso zokhazikika panjira yoyenga ma electrolytic.

Njira ya electrolytic copper kuyenga imayamba ndi kukonzekera kwa electrolyte, yomwe ndi yankho la mkuwa sulphate ndi sulfuric acid. Anode, yomwe imapangidwa ndi mkuwa wodetsedwa, ndi cathode, yopangidwa ndi mkuwa wangwiro, imamizidwa mu electrolyte. Pamene rectifier yatsegulidwa, imatembenuza AC kuperekedwa kwa DC, ndipo panopa ikuyenda kuchokera ku anode kupita ku cathode kupyolera mu electrolyte.

Pa anode, mkuwa wodetsedwa umalowa ndi okosijeni, ndikutulutsa ayoni amkuwa mu electrolyte. Ma ion amkuwawa amasuntha kudzera munjira ndikuyikidwa pa cathode ngati mkuwa weniweni. Izi mosalekeza otaya panopa ndi mafunsidwe kusankha ayoni mkuwa pa cathode chifukwa kuyeretsedwa kwa mkuwa, kupanga kukhala oyenera ntchito zosiyanasiyana mafakitale.

Mfundo yogwirira ntchito ya electrolytic copper rectifier imachokera ku malamulo ofunikira a electrolysis, makamaka malamulo a Faraday. Malamulowa amayang'anira kuchuluka kwa electrolysis ndikupereka maziko omvetsetsa mgwirizano pakati pa kuchuluka kwa zinthu zomwe zayikidwa ndi kuchuluka kwa magetsi omwe amadutsa mu electrolyte.

Lamulo loyamba la Faraday limati kuchuluka kwa kusintha kwa mankhwala opangidwa ndi mphamvu yamagetsi kumayenderana ndi kuchuluka kwa magetsi omwe amadutsa mu electrolyte. Pankhani ya electrolytic copper refining, lamuloli limatsimikizira kuchuluka kwa mkuwa wangwiro womwe umayikidwa pa cathode potengera zomwe zikuchitika panopa komanso nthawi ya electrolysis.

Lamulo lachiwiri la Faraday likukhudzana ndi kuchuluka kwa zinthu zomwe zimayikidwa panthawi ya electrolysis ku kulemera kofanana kwa chinthucho ndi kuchuluka kwa magetsi omwe amadutsa mu electrolyte. Lamuloli ndi lofunika kwambiri pozindikira momwe njira yoyeretsera mkuwa ya electrolytic ikuyendera ndikuwonetsetsa kupanga kosasinthasintha kwa mkuwa wapamwamba kwambiri.

Kuphatikiza pa malamulo a Faraday, mfundo yogwirira ntchito ya electrolytic copper rectifiers imakhudzanso kuwongolera kwamagetsi, kuwongolera kwapano, komanso momwe ntchito yoyenga ikuyendera. Dongosolo lowongolera la rectifier limakhala ndi gawo lofunikira pakusunga ma voliyumu omwe akufunidwa komanso magawo apano, omwe ndi ofunikira kuti akwaniritse bwino komanso kuyera kwa mkuwa woyengedwa.

Kuphatikiza apo, kuchita bwino kwa njira yoyenga mkuwa wa electrolytic kumatengera zinthu monga kutentha, kugwedezeka kwa electrolyte, komanso kapangidwe ka cell electrochemical cell. Zinthu izi zimatha kukhudza kuchuluka kwa kuyika kwa mkuwa, kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu kwa chowongoleracho, komanso kuwononga ndalama zonse pakuyenga.

Pomaliza, mfundo yogwira ntchito ya electrolytic copper rectifiers imachokera ku mfundo za electrolysis ndi uinjiniya wamagetsi. Posintha AC kukhala DC ndikuwongolera mphamvu yamagetsi ndi yapano panjira yoyenga ma electrolytic, zokonzanso izi zimathandiza kupanga mkuwa wapamwamba kwambiri, woyengedwa pazinthu zosiyanasiyana zamafakitale. Kumvetsetsa zovuta za electrolytic copper rectifiers ndikofunikira kuti mukwaniritse bwino ntchito zoyenga zamkuwa m'mafakitale amakono.