Mfundo Yogwirira Ntchito ya Electrolytic Copper Rectifier

Zokonzanso zamkuwa ndi zinthu zofunika kwambiri m'mafakitale osiyanasiyana, makamaka m'mafakitale opangira ma electroplating ndi oyenga zitsulo. Zokonzanso izi zimagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri posintha mphamvu yosinthira (AC) kukhala mphamvu yolunjika (DC) kuti ipange mphamvu yoyenga yamkuwa. Kumvetsetsa mfundo yogwirira ntchito ya zokonzanso zamkuwa za electrolytic ndikofunikira kwambiri kuti timvetsetse kufunika kwawo m'mafakitale.

Mfundo yogwirira ntchito ya electrolytic copper rectifier imaphatikizapo kusintha kwa AC kukhala DC kudzera mu electrolysis. Electrolysis ndi njira ya mankhwala yomwe imagwiritsa ntchito magetsi kuti iyendetse mankhwala osachitika mwadzidzidzi. Pankhani yoyeretsa mkuwa, rectifier imathandizira kuyika kwa mkuwa woyera pa cathode podutsa DC current yolamulidwa kudzera mu copper sulfate solution.

Zigawo zoyambira za chosinthira mkuwa cha electrolytic zimaphatikizapo transformer, unit yokonzanso, ndi system yowongolera. Transformer ili ndi udindo wochepetsa mphamvu ya AC yamagetsi ambiri kupita ku voltage yotsika yoyenera njira ya electrolytic. Unit yokonzanso, yomwe nthawi zambiri imakhala ndi ma diode kapena thyristors, imasintha AC kukhala DC mwa kulola kuti mphamvu iyende mbali imodzi yokha. System yowongolera imayang'anira voltage yotulutsa ndi mphamvu kuti zitsimikizire kuti zinthu zikuyenda bwino komanso mokhazikika pa njira yoyeretsera ya electrolytic.

Njira yoyeretsera mkuwa pogwiritsa ntchito electrolytic imayamba ndi kukonzekera electrolyte, yomwe ndi yankho la copper sulfate ndi sulfuric acid. Anode, yomwe nthawi zambiri imapangidwa ndi mkuwa wosayera, ndi cathode, yopangidwa ndi mkuwa weniweni, imamizidwa mu electrolyte. Pamene rectifier yayatsidwa, imasintha AC supply kukhala DC, ndipo mphamvu yamagetsi imayenda kuchokera ku anode kupita ku cathode kudzera mu electrolyte.

Pa anode, mkuwa wosayera umalowa mu oxidation, kutulutsa ma ayoni amkuwa mu electrolyte. Ma ayoni amkuwa awa amasuntha kudzera mu yankho ndikuyikidwa pa cathode ngati mkuwa weniweni. Kuyenda kosalekeza kwa mphamvu yamagetsi ndi kuyika kwa ma ayoni amkuwa pa cathode kumapangitsa kuti mkuwa uyeretsedwe, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ugwiritsidwe ntchito m'mafakitale osiyanasiyana.

Mfundo yogwirira ntchito ya electrolytic copper rectifier imachokera ku malamulo oyambira a electrolysis, makamaka malamulo a Faraday. Malamulowa amalamulira mbali zowerengera za electrolysis ndipo amapereka maziko omvetsetsa ubale pakati pa kuchuluka kwa chinthu chomwe chasungidwa ndi kuchuluka kwa magetsi omwe amadutsa mu electrolyte.

Lamulo loyamba la Faraday limati kuchuluka kwa kusintha kwa mankhwala komwe kumachitika chifukwa cha mphamvu yamagetsi kumafanana ndi kuchuluka kwa magetsi omwe amadutsa mu electrolyte. Ponena za kuyenga mkuwa ndi electrolytic, lamuloli limatsimikiza kuchuluka kwa mkuwa woyera womwe umayikidwa pa cathode kutengera mphamvu yomwe imadutsa mu rectifier komanso nthawi yomwe njira ya electrolysis imagwirira ntchito.

Lamulo lachiwiri la Faraday limagwirizanitsa kuchuluka kwa chinthu chomwe chimayikidwa panthawi ya electrolysis ndi kulemera kofanana kwa chinthucho ndi kuchuluka kwa magetsi omwe amadutsa mu electrolyte. Lamuloli ndi lofunikira podziwa momwe njira yoyeretsera mkuwa pogwiritsa ntchito electrolytic ikuyendera bwino ndikuwonetsetsa kuti mkuwa wabwino kwambiri upangidwa nthawi zonse.

Kuwonjezera pa malamulo a Faraday, mfundo yogwirira ntchito ya ma electrolytic copper rectifiers imakhudzanso kuganizira za malamulo okhudza magetsi, kuwongolera magetsi, komanso kugwira ntchito bwino kwa njira yoyeretsera. Dongosolo lowongolera la rectifier limagwira ntchito yofunika kwambiri pakusunga magetsi ndi milingo yamagetsi yomwe ikufunika, zomwe ndizofunikira kuti mkuwa woyeretsedwa ukhale wabwino komanso woyera.

Kuphatikiza apo, kugwira ntchito bwino kwa njira yoyeretsera mkuwa pogwiritsa ntchito electrolytic kumakhudzidwa ndi zinthu monga kutentha, kugwedezeka kwa electrolyte, ndi kapangidwe ka selo ya electrochemical. Zinthuzi zimatha kukhudza kuchuluka kwa mkuwa womwe umayikidwa, mphamvu yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi chosinthira, komanso kugwiritsa ntchito bwino ndalama zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito poyeretsera.

Pomaliza, mfundo yogwirira ntchito ya ma electrolytic copper rectifiers imachokera ku mfundo za electrolysis ndi uinjiniya wamagetsi. Mwa kusintha AC kukhala DC ndikulamulira voltage ndi current kuti ntchito yoyeretsera electrolytic ichitike, ma rectifier awa amathandizira kupanga mkuwa wabwino kwambiri komanso woyeretsedwa bwino kuti ugwiritsidwe ntchito m'mafakitale osiyanasiyana. Kumvetsetsa zovuta za ma electrolytic copper rectifiers ndikofunikira kuti ntchito zoyeretsera mkuwa ziyende bwino komanso moyenera m'mafakitale amakono.